2)NIC 用配置文件自动配好的.
3)MEM 这个图最大设为2G,如果服务器有更大的内存,可以修改Maxbytes.
############### MEM 2G #################
Target[managemem]:`/opt/mrtg/mem.sh`
Unscaled[managemem]: dwym
MaxBytes[managemem]: 2048000
Title[managemem]:Memory
ShortLegend[managemem]: &
kmg[managemem]:kB,MB
kilo[managemem]:1024
YLegend[managemem]: Memory Usage
Legend1[managemem]: Total Memory
Legend2[managemem]: Used Memory
LegendI[managemem]: Total Memory
LegendO[managemem]: Used Memory
Options[managemem]: growright,gauge,nopercent
PageTop[managemem]:
Memory -------XMNLINUXTEST2
4)Swap 也是设为2G,根据实际情况改MaxBytes.
################### Swap 2G#######################
Target[swap]:`/opt/mrtg/swap.sh`
Unscaled[swap]: dwym
MaxBytes[swap]: 2048000
Title[swap]:Memory State of Server
ShortLegend[swap]: &
kmg[swap]:kB,MB
kilo[swap]:1024
YLegend[swap]: Swap Usage
Legend1[swap]: Total Swap
Legend2[swap]: Used Swap
LegendI[swap]: Total Swap
LegendO[swap]: Used Swap
Options[swap]: growright,gauge,nopercent
PageTop[swap]:
Swap-------XMNLINUXTEST02
5)设置磁盘使用量 最大为480G,可以根据实际情况修改MaxBytes
################## Disk Space 480G #########################
Target[disk]: `/opt/mrtg/df.pl`
Title[disk]: Disk Space ----XMNLINUXTEST02
Unscaled[disk]: dwym
MaxBytes[disk]: 465247550
kmg[disk]: KB,MB,GB
LegendI[disk]: Total Disk Space
LegendO[disk]: Used Disk Space
Legend1[disk]: Total Disk Space
Legend2[disk]: Used Disk Space
YLegend[disk]: Megabytes
ShortLegend[disk]: &
Options[disk]: growright,gauge,nopercent
PageTop[disk]:
Disk Space --------XMNLINUXTEST02
6)磁盘I/O的检测,如果需要的检,更多的分区,修改并复制这个部分,并修改diskperf.sh
################## Disk I/O 100K/sec /DEV/SDA ##########
# If you want monitor more disk, please copy below create
# now monitor job, and copy & modify the diskperf.sh to setting disk.
Target[diskIO]: `/opt/mrtg/diskperf.sh`
Title[diskIO]: Disk HDA I/O Utilization Report
Unscaled[diskIO]: dwym
MaxBytes[diskIO]: 100
PageTop[diskIO]:
Disk I/O Utilization Report
kmg[diskIO]: KB,MB,GB
LegendI[diskIO]: Disk I/O KBread/sec
LegendO[diskIO]: Disk I/O KBwrite/sec
Legend1[diskIO]: Disk I/O KBread/sec
Legend2[diskIO]: Disk I/O KBwrite/sec
YLegend[diskIO]: Megabytes
ShortLegend[diskIO]: &
Options[diskIO]: growright,gauge,nopercent
4. 编译配置文件
先在/etc/profile 加入两个参数
LC_ALL=C
LANGUAGE=on
# env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
前面两次会出错,多运行几次就没有问题.
5. 生成html文件.
/usr/bin/indexmaker –output=/var/www/html/mrtg/index.html –title=主机名 /var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
6. 配置apache 的设置.
#vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/mrtg.cfg
把Alias /mrtg /var/www/mrtg 改为Alias /mrtg /var/www/html/mrtg
把Allow from localhost 改为Allow from all
#service httpd restart ,重启apache.
7. 配置,自运行脚本,每五分钟自动运行一次.
在root 下启动 crontab –e 添加计划
*/5 * * * * env LANG=C /usr/bin/mrtg /var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
8. 确认service http&crontab的运进级别.
可以用下面两个命令查看这个服务的进行状况,
#chkconfig –list |grep httpd
#chkconfig –list |grep crontab
或用设定运行级别
chkconfig --level 35 httpd on
chkconfig --level 35 crontab on
5. 常见问题
(1)问:实际内存或硬盘跟的图里面的值相差太多,要吗线超出图表,要吗,在图表的下面. 如何更改图表的比例? 如内存实际上只有512M,但表里面内存显示最大为2G.
答:修改/var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg 找到相关的部分, 修改MaxBytes[managemem]: 2048000 中的2048000为512000
(2)问:我有几个硬盘,如果要监测其他的硬盘IO?
答:首先复制一份diskperf.sh 成diskperf2.sh ,再修改diskperf2.sh里面把hd=xxx改为你要监测的硬盘,再修改/var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg 复制sda的那一部门,并修改相关的部分.
如Target[diskIO]:`/opt/mrtg/diskperf.sh` 改成Target[diskIO]: `/opt/mrtg/diskperf2.sh`
这一部份的[diskIO]改为disk2IO
(3)问:修改了配置文件/var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg 后,网页没有生效
答:修改完配置文件应该要重新用下面命令生成新的网页.
/usr/bin/indexmaker –output=/var/www/html/mrtg/index.html –title=主机名 /var/www/html/mrtg/mrtg.cfg
(4)问:如何看我的MRTG图.
答:用http://你的IP/mrtg/ 就可以看到了.
附:1: mrtg.cfg 里面几个参数的意思.
Target：是要执行的脚本
Xsize：生成图表的横向宽度（最大600）
Ysize：生成图表的纵向高度（最大200）
Title：标题
kMG: Change the default multiplier prefixes
Ytics：纵向划分为几个块（格子）
MaxBytes：图表纵向数值的最大上限
PageTop：页面上面的提示
kilo：一般是写1024，如果需要的话，是1000在计算机里的单位
LegendI：从SHELL返回的数据中的第一个
LegendO：从SHELL返回的数据中的第二个
Options： growright，表示图表向右延展
附2:各个script
(1)
cat /opt/mrtg/cpu.sh
#!/bin/bash
cpuusr=`/usr/bin/sar -u 1 3 |grep Average |awk ';{print $3}';`
cpusys=`/usr/bin/sar -u 1 3 |grep Average |awk ';{print $5}';`
UPtime=`/usr/bin/uptime |awk ';{print $3""$4""$5}';`
echo $cpuusr
echo $cpusys
echo $UPtime
hostname
(2)
Disk usage
cat /opt/mrtg/df.pl
#!/usr/bin/perl
# output(df -kl) looks like this:
# Filesystem 1k-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
# /dev/md0 95645100 30401312 64272080 33% /
# /dev/hde1 14119 1159 12231 9% /boot
#
# In which case, this script returns :
# 95659219
# 30402503
# when run.
foreach $filesystem (`df -kl | grep -v "Filesystem"`)
{
@df = split(/\s+/,$filesystem);
$total += $df[1];
$usage += $df[2];
}
print "$total\n";
print "$usage\n";
hostname
(3) DISK IO # cat /opt/mrtg/diskperf.sh
#!/bin/bash
# This script will monitor the KBread/sec &KBwriten/sec of Disk.
# Creater: CCC IT loren ext:2288 2005/8/3
# As sda ,sdb,sdc,sdd,hda.
# disk=sda
hd=sda
disk=/dev/$hd
KBread_sec=`iostat -x $disk|grep $hd |awk ';{print $8}';`
KBwrite_sec=`iostat -x $disk|grep $hd |awk ';{print $9}';`
echo "$KBread_sec"
echo "$KBwrite_sec"
hostname
(4)MEMORY
cat /opt/mrtg/mem.sh
#!/bin/bash
# This script to monitor the mem usage.
totalmem=`/usr/bin/free |grep Mem |awk ';{print $2}';`
usedmem=`/usr/bin/free |grep Mem |awk ';{print $3}';`
echo "$totalmem"
echo "$usedmem"
(5)SWAP
cat /opt/mrtg/swap.sh
#!/bin/bash
# This script to monitor the swap usage.
totalswap=`/usr/bin/free |grep Swap |awk ';{print $2}';`
usedswap=`/usr/bin/free |grep Swap |awk ';{print $3}';`
echo "$totalswap"
echo "$usedswap"
